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Single-Acting Pneumatic Actuator Operation
A single-acting pneumatic actuator operates using compressed air to generate linear or rotary motion in one direction, while a spring (or external force) returns it to the default position.
Working Principle
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Air Supply Application
Compressed air enters the actuator's air chamber, pushing against a piston or diaphragm.
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Movement Generation
The air pressure overcomes the spring force, extending (for normally closed valves) or retracting (for normally open valves) the actuator stem.
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Valve Operation
This movement rotates (in rotary actuators) or lifts (in linear actuators) the connected valve (e.g., ball, butterfly, or globe valve) to open or close it.
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Spring Return
When air pressure is released, the stored spring energy forces the piston/diaphragm back to its original position, resetting the valve.
Key Features
Fail-Safe Design
If air supply fails, the spring automatically returns the valve to a safe position (open or closed).
Lower Air Consumption
Only requires air for one-direction movement, making it energy-efficient.
Common Applications
Used in shut-off valves, emergency systems, and processes where fail-safe operation is critical (e.g., gas pipelines, chemical plants).
Comparison
Single-acting actuators are simpler and more cost-effective than double-acting ones but provide less force due to spring resistance.
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